In the ‘instant’ world of today, the importance of communication can never be overstated — it’s just got to be totally reliable, fast, clear and communication systems must be able to handle massive amounts of data with very little or no loss. This is where the fiber cable steps as in.
Optical fiber is flexible and can be bundled as cables, and is extra-efficient in long-distance communications, because light propagates through the fiber with little attenuation compared to conventional copper electrical cables. Additionally, each fiber can carry a number of independent channels, each by a different wavelength of light. They save space because of their capacity to transmit more data than a single copper cable. Signals through fiber cables also pick up minimal cross-talk due to their immunity to electrical interference. Because of the same property, they can also be used in potentially dangerous areas without fear of ignition. The special fiber optics also demand special installation and handling because of their sensitivity of microbending loss.
Fiber cables can be divided into two major groups: outdoor cables and indoor cables. Outdoor cables are used mostly by telecommunication carriers, while indoor fiber cables proven to very efficient as backbone for campus networks, LAN systems, etc. We also have the submarine cable types, which are laid from ships and used for global network purposes.
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